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HISTORY 



OF THE 



SOCIETY OF 
COLONIAL WARS 



IN THE 



STATE OF CALIFORNIA. 



LIST OF OFFICERS AND MEMBERS 



PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST GENERAL COURT 
AT LOS ANGELES, MARCH 7, 1896 



Publication No. i 



LOS ANGELES 
i8q6 



COMPILED BY 

BRADNER WELLS LEE 

Historian of the Society 



^\%^ 
^ 






3 




CONTENTS. 



PAGE 

Membership Roll 4 

Officers 5-6 

Historical Sketch of Organization . - - - 7-10 

First General Court 11 

Address of Governor I5~i9 

Address of John Randolph Haynes, M. D. - - 21-27 

Address of Frank Clarke Prescott - - - - 29-34 

Address of Major William Anthony Elderkin, U.S.A. 35-38 

Address of George Jules D.enis _ - . . 38 

Memoriam, Harry Woodville Latham - - - 39~40 

List of Members, showing their descent from ancestors 

who performed services in Colonial Wars - 41-50 



MEMBERSHIP ROLL. 



Brewer, Rev. William Augustus, clergyman, - san Mateo. 

Collins, HoLDRIDGE OzRO, Lawyer, - - - - Los Angeles. 
COLTON, Prof. Allen LySANDER, Astronomer, Lick Observatory. 

Denis, George Jules, united states District Attorney, - Los Angeles, 

Elderkin, Lieut.-Col. William Anthony, u.s.a., Chicago, in. 
Fenner, Charles Putnam, journalist, - - - - los Angeies. 
Flint, Frank Putnam, Lawyer, los Angeies. 

Flint, Motley HEWES, Postoffice inspector, - - - Los Angeies. 

Harden, Edward Thomas, Electrician, - - - los Angeies. 
Haynes, John Randolph, M. D., physician, - - los Angeies. 

HOLDEN, Prof. Edward Singleton, Astronomer, Lick observatory. 
Lee, BrADNER Wells, Lawyer, ----- Los Angeles. 
MERWIN, Rev. Alexander Moss, clergyman, - Pasadena, Cal. 

McKiNSTRY, Hon. Elisha Williams, 

Ex-Justlce Supreme Court, Lawyer, San Francisco. 
Nichols, Henry ATHERTON, Rancher, - . . . Redlands. 
Nichols, WiLLARD ATHERTON, Rancher, - - - Redlands. 

PAYSON, CaPT. Albert Henry, capitalist, - - San Mateo. 

PrESCOTT, Frank Clarke, Lawyer, Redlands. 

Ross, Hon. ErSKINE Mayo, united states circuit judge, Los Angeles. 
ThOM, Hon. Cameron ErSKINE, Lawyer, ex-Mayor, - Los Angeles. 

Thorpe, Andrew Roane, Dentist, - . . - los Angeies. 

Thorpe, Spencer Roane, Rancher, - - - - Los Angeies. 



OFFICERS 1896. 



Governor^ 

HOLDRIDGE OZRO COLLINS, 
Los Angeles. 

Deputy Governor^ 
Hon. Erskine Mayo Ross. 

Lieutenant Gover?ior^ 
L,iEUT.-CoL. William Anthony Elderkin, U. S. A. 

Secretary^ 
Charles Putnam Fenner, 

930 S. Flower St. , Los Angeles. 

Treasurer ^ 
Frank Putnam Flint. 

First and Spring Sts., Los Angeles 

Registrar^ 
Edward Thomas Harden. 

Historian^ 
Bradner Wells Lee. 

Chancellor^ 
George Jules Denis. 

Sut'geon^ 
John Randolph Haynes, M. D. 

Chaplain^ 
Rev. Alexander Moss Merwin. 

Gentlemen of the Council. 
Spencer Roane Thorpe, Chairman. 
Rev. William Augustus Brewer, 

WiLLARD AthERTON NiCHOLS, 

Charles Putnam Fenner, 

Motley Hewes Flint, 
Hon. Cameron Erskine Thom, 

Henry Atherton Nichols, 

Andrew Roane Thorpe, 

Frank Clarke Prescott. 



Committee on Membership. 

Bradner Wells Lee, Chairman. 

George Jules Denis, Secretary. 
Frank Putnam Flint, 

John Randolph Haynes, M. D. 

Spencer Roane Thorpe. 

Co7nmittee on Histoi'ical Docionents. 

Bradner Wells Lee, Cliairman ex-officio. 

John Randolph Haynes, M. D. 

Prof. Edward Singleton Holden, 

Rev. Alexander Moss Merwin. 

Delegates to the General Society. 

Hon. Elisha Williams McKinstry, 

Prof. Edward Singleton Holden, 

Capt. Albert PIenry Payson, 

Frank Clarke Prescott, 

holdridge ozro collins. 

• Alter7iates. 

Prof. Allen Eysander Colton, 
Motley Hewes Flint, 

Hon. Cameron Erskine Thom, 

Edward Thomas Harden, 

Henry Atherton Nichols. 

Comjnittee on Entertainm.ent. 

Frank Putnam Flint, 

George Jules Denis, 

Charles Putnam Fenner, 

John Randolph Haynes, M. D. 

Frank Clarke Prescott. 

Deputy Govei'nor General. 
Spencer Roane Thorpe. 



History of the California Society. 



ON THE fourteenth day of May, 1895, ^^ a Council 
General of the Society of Colonial Wars, held at 
Baltimore, Maryland, Holdridge Ozro Collins, 
residing at Los Angeles, California, a member of 
the New York Society, was elected State Secretary for Cali- 
fornia. 

On Saturday, the thirtieth day of November, 1895, ^^^ 
following named gentlemen, upon the invitation of Holdridge 
Ozro Collins and George Jules Denis, assembled in the office 
of the United States District Attorney for the Southern Dis- 
trict of California, at the United States Government building, 
Los Angeles, California, for the purpose of discussing the 
feasibility of organizing a Society of Colonial Wars in the 
State of California, with its headquarters at Los Angeles, viz : 
Holdridge Ozro Collins, a member of the New York Society 
of Colonial Wars, Secretary for the State of California, 
George Jules Denis, United States District Attorney, a mem- 
ber of the New York Society of Colonial Wars, Major William 
Anthony Elderkin, U. S. A., Charles Putnam Fenner, Frank 
Putnam Flint, Motley Hughes Flint, John Randolph Haynes, 
M. D., Edward Thomas Harden, Bradner Wells Lee, the Rev. 
Alexander Moss Merwin, Willard Atherton Nichols, Hon. 
Erskine Mayo Ross, Judge of the United States Circuit 
Court, Ninth Circuit, Andrew Roane Thorpe, and Spencer 
Roane Thorpe. 

The following named gentlemen were invited to be pres- 
ent at the said meeting, but being unable to attend, they were 
represented by certain of the foregoing named gentlemen who 



— 8 — 

were present; viz., the Rev. William Augustus Brewer, 
Harry Woodville Latham, Henry Atherton Nichols, Josiah 
Alonzo Osgood, Hon. Cameron Erskine Thorn, ex-Mayor of 
Los Angeles. 

The meeting was called to order by Mr. Collins, where- 
upon Hon. Krskine Mayo Ross was selected as Chairman, and 
Charles Putnam Fenner as Secretary. Mr. Collins thereupon 
stated the object of the meeting, in a thoughtful and well 
considered address, and after a general discussion of the sub- 
ject, resolutions were adopted that the gentlemen present at 
the meeting organize themselves into a Society of Colonial 
Wars in the State of California, subject to approval and con- 
firmation by the General Society, and also that they accept 
as the elegibility qualification for membership. Article II of 
the Constitution of the General Society, and that they adopt 
for their temporary government so much of the Constitution 
and By-laws of the Society of Colonial Wars in the State of 
New York as might be applicable to the State of California. 

The following of&cers were thereupon chosen : Governor, 
Holdridge Ozro Collins ; Deputy Governor, Hon. Erskine 
Mayo Ross ; Lieutenant Governor, Major William Anthony 
Elderkin, U. S. A. ; Secretary, Harry Woodville Latham ; 
Treasurer, Frank Putnam Flint; Registrar, Edward Thomas 
Harden ; Historian, Bradner Wells Lee ; Chancellor, George 
Jules Denis ; Surgeon, John Randolph Haynes, M. D. ; 
Chaplain, the Rev. Alexander Moss Merwin; Gentlemen of 
the Council, Spencer Roane Thorpe, Chairman, the Rev. Wil- 
liam Augustus Brewer, Willard Atherton Nichols, Charles 
Putnam Fenner, Josiah Alonzo Osgood, Motley Hughes 
Flint, Hon. Cameron Erskine Thom, Henry Atherton 
Nichols, Andrew Roane Thorpe. 

A petition to the General Society which had theretofore 
been prepared, was signed by all the gentlemen present and 
represented at this meeting, praying for a charter to the 
Society of Colonial Wars in the State of California. On the 



— 9 — 

loth day of December, 1895, the petition for a charter was 
mailed to the Secretary-General of the General Society of 
Colonial Wars. On December 19, 1895, ^^^^ petition for the 
charter was granted by the General Council of Colonial Wars, 
and the official notification thereof was received by the Gov- 
ernor of this Society on Christmas morning, December 25, 
1S95. 

On the 7th day of March, 1896, the First General Court 
of the Society of Colonial Wars in the State of California 
was held, followed by a banquet, in pursuance of a proclama- 
tion issued by the Governor, which was as follows : 

From 

H. O. COLLINS, 

Los Angeles. 

For V hande of y"" Moste Worshyppefulle 
In y"" Goodlie Cittie of 
Situate in y^ Pleasaunt Province of 



These. 



Postman ne, 

Ride haste, post-haste with speede, 

for thy lyflFe, for thy lyffe, for thy lyflfe. 



Sn tfie 

3tafe of ©afifornia. 

(Syo^S'ernorj 

^ ^rocPamafforj : 



(s/ 



e First General Court of y'' Society of Colonial Wars in 
y'' Commonwealth of California will be convened atte 
y"" hour of l)e^9enj in y^ evening of March 7, 1896, atte 



^ 

s 



lO — 

y^ Tavern of Jeremiah Illich on Uftirc} street in y^ 
Goodlie Cittie of Los Angeles. After y"" Enactment of 
such Laws as y*" Council recommend or y*" members pro- 
pose, y"" General Court will Adjourn to partake of a 
Refreshment of Clams, Succotash, y^ Delectable Porke 
and Beanes, Pumpkin-pie, Chestnuts, Apples and Cider, 
to be served by y*" landlord at y'' ridiculous charge of 
$2.50. 

e Committee of Arrangements request that You will in- 
form y*^ Promptly by y*" enclosed Card if You will at- 
tend. 

e Treasurer will refuse to draw his Warrant for y*" Pay 
and mileage of all Absent Members. 
Y^ INSIGNIA will be worn. 

Dated y*" Twenty-Seventh day of February, A. D., 
1896. 

Governor. 
By y^ Governor, 

Harry Woodville Latham, 

Secretary. 



SOCIETY OF COLONIAL WARS, 

FIRST GENERAL COURT 
IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. 



ON THE 7th day of March, 1S96, at the banquet hall of the 
restaurant of Jerry Illich, in the city of Los Angeles, 
the members of the Society met, pursuant to proclama- 
tion. The following were present : Holdridge Ozro Collins, 
George Jules Denis, Charles Putnam Fenner, Frank Putnam 
Flint, Motley Hughes Flint, Edward Thomas Harden, Harry 
Woodville Latham, Bradner Wells Lee, Frank Clarke Pres- 
cott, Hon. Cameron Erskine Thom, Spencer Roane Thorpe, 
Hon. Erskine Mayo Ross, Major William Anthony Elderkin, 
U. S. A., and John Randolph Haynes, M. D. 

The meeting was called to order for the transaction of 
the business of the Society. The record of the original 
organization of the Society was then read and approved. 
The resignation of Josiah Alonzo Osgood as a member of the 
Council and Society was received and accepted. Frank 
Clarke Prescott was thereupon elected as a member of the 
Council to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of 
Josiah Alonzo Osgood. By-laws for the government of the 
Society, which had been previously prepared, were thereupon 
discussed, and finally adopted. Prof. Edward Singleton Holden 
and Bradner Wells Lee were appointed a committee to act 
with the Governor of the Society in the selection of a seal. 
A motion to incorporate the Society under the laws of the 
State of California was made, and after discussion it seemed 
to be the general opinion that the incorporation of the Society 
at present was not desirable, and the motion was thereupon 
lost. The Court thereupon adjourned. 

A meeting of the Council was then held, and business 
pertaining to the Society was thereupon transacted. The fol- 
lowing members constituting the Committee on Membership 
were then appointed : Bradner Wells Lee, John Randolph 
Haynes, M. D., George Jules Denis, Frank Putnam Flint, and 
Harry Woodville Latham. Council then adjourned. 



12 — 



The following delightful menu was then enjoyed by the 
members of the Society, and the responses to the toasts which 
followed were listened to with great interest : 



Menu.... 

Clams on Half Shell 



Olives Tomatoes Radis 



3ticslittg 

Potage Consomme a la Royale 



POISSON 

Ventre de Saumon, sauce Crevette 



ENTREES 

Ris de veau, sauce Champignons 

Cotelettes d'agneau, aux petits pois 

Filet de Boeuf larde a la Perigord 

PigeonsI Braises aux'Ollves 

LEGUMES 

Petits Pois Asperges 

ROUS 
• Cochon de lait, apple sauce 



DESSERT 

Omelette Soufflee Strawberries Fruits de la Saison 



FROMAGE 

Roquefort Creme Gruyere 

Cafe Royal 



®uir <£ountr|3 



HOLDRIDGE OZRO COLLINS 
Governor of the Society of Colonial Wars in the State of California 



aSCins ^Iiiiip's Wat 

JOHN RANDOLPH HAYNES, M. D. 

Surgeon of the Society 



^rgentt ®too 33ars OSuIcs 

FRANK Clarke Prescott 



^Tfte 31tilitarg ^otoer of tftc %tnite&'States 

Major William Anthony elderkin, U. S. A. 

Lieutenent Governor of the Society 



^uld ICang Sgne 



— 13 — 

The Governor of the Society read the following letter of 
regret which had been received from the Society of Colonial 
Dames in the State of California : 

To y" 

Honored Governor, and y'' Gentlemen 

o y'' First General Courte o y^ 

Commonwealth o Californie. 

Written in y"" goodlie 
Cittie o San Francisco 
March y^ seventhe 

A. D. 1896. 
Toy" 

Governor 

and companie of y" Firste General Courte o y" 
Societie o Colonial Wars in y^ Commonwealthe o California, 
Greeting : 

Y" Companie o Coloniale Dames residente in y"" State o 
California through their honored Chairmanne Mistress Selden 
S. Wright do presente their compliments to y" Gentlemen o 
y" Firste General Courte. They truste that y" Gentlemen will 
enacte such Laws as male be juste and mercifuUe and for y"" 
goode of oure faire countrie, and they expresse y" hope that 
they male sometime meete y"" honored Gentlemen around a 
hospitable boarde, and discusse a bille o fayre as delectable as 
that enjoyed by y"" Gentlemen o y" Firste General Courte on 
ye" eveninge o y" seventhe o Marche in y" yeare o oure Lorde 
one thousande eighteen hundrede and ninety-sixe post merid- 
ian atte y" saide Taverne in y" goodlie cittie o Los Angeles. 

With greate respecte, y" Coloniale Dames o America 
residente in y" State o California. 



Holdridge Ozro Collins, Governor of the Society, then 
read the following paper: 

OUR COUNTRY. 

Gentlemen : 

It has been said, very wittily, that when our ancestors 
landed upon this continent they first fell upon their knees, 
and then upon the aborigines. While this picturesque state- 
ment may not be historically correct, at least it strikingly 
illustrates the characteristics of those ancient worthies, for, 
with the bible in one hand, and the sword in the other, like 
Cromwell's Ironsides, they were equally ready to fight or to 
pray. 

In 1620, November 11, old style, the Mayflower anchored 
at Cape Cod, in what is now Provincetown harbor, and on 
that date the famous compact was signed, and Bancroft as- 
serts that " this was the birthplace of popular constitutional 
liberty" (U. S., Vol. I, p. 310). Mr. Goodwin, in his "Pilgrim 
Republic", says that Provincetown " may justly claim to be 
the birthplace of the free and equal government which now 
spans the continent" (p. 65). 

"Voltaire said of William Penn's treaty, 'It was the only 
one ever concluded between savages and christians that was 
not ratified with an oath, and the only one that was never 
broken.' 

"This is an error. The treaty made at Plymouth in 
April, 162 1, between the Pilgrims and Massasoit, Grand 
Sachem of the Confederated Tribes of Pokanoket, was ratified 
by no oath, nor was it broken during the lifetime of any of 
the contracting parties." 

Massosoit died in 1660, leaving two sons, Mooanum, or 
Wamsutta, and Pomartarken, or Metacom. The General 
Court at Plymouth gave to Wamsutta the name of Alexander 
Pokanoket, and to Metacon the name of Philip. 



— i6— 

This latter was the Grand Sachem, that heroic Indian 
Warrior, "King" Philip, whose valorous deeds have a pecu- 
liar interest to this Society by reason of the participation of 
the ancestors of so many of our members in that famous war, 
which culminated in King Philip's overthrow at the Great 
Swamp Fight. 

The Reverends Merwin and Brewer, Dr. Haynes, Prof. 
Holden, Mr. Latham and your Governer, have placed upon 
the records of this Society the story of the participation of 
their ancestors, soldiers from Massachusetts and Connecticut, 
in that memorable battle, which secured a permanent relief 
for those colonies from Indian aggressions. 

The story of the development of the dissociated colonies, 
and their rapid growth into a one harmonious people forms 
the very acme of romance in our history. 

The rugged Puritan, with his stubborn resistance to des- 
potism, insisting upon that liberty for religious observance 
which he knew to be one of the inalienable rights of his ex- 
istence ; the sturdy Dutchman of New York, who brought 
from the dykes of his native Holland those institutions of 
free government which he had saved from the devastating 
hand of Spanish Phillip, and which to this day form some of 
the most prominent features of our civil polity ; the patient 
plodding Swede of New Jersey with the memory of his two 
great Saints — Martin Luther and Gustavus Adolphus — 
enshrined in his heart ; the religious tolerance of the Roman 
Catholic of Maryland, who, like the Puritan of Connecticut 
sought a new land for worship in a faith which to him had 
become broader than a mere ritual; the Scotchman with his 
rigid adherence to the Covenant, the musical Welshman, the 
irrepressible Irishman, and the industrious Englishman, all 
of Pennsylvania ; the Cavalier of Virginia, that home of un- 
swerving loyalty to all her ideals, and the mother of that 
great man who stands as the exemplar for all true American- 
ism, our own Washington, and the Huguenot of the Carolinas, 



— 17 — 

with his curious combination of Calvanistic predestination 
and fore-ordination, and the charming ease and gaiety of the 
mercurial Frenchman, have all become inseparably welded 
into one great nation, whose people, inheriting those traits of 
unrelenting fidelity to principle which dominated the actions 
of their ancestors, and, cherishing their memory with rever- 
ential gratitude for the patient endurance of those toils which 
gave us this noble heritage, have become elevated to a more 
gentle life, in an environment of higher intellectual culture 
and more refined social intercourse, and whose lot, we are 
proud to believe, is the happiest upon the earth. 

We are here tonight by reason of the deeds of our an- 
cestors while subjects of England, and fighting under the 
British flag. For the services of England, in the advance- 
ment of political, social and religious liberty throughout the 
world, no member of this Society, or of the intelligent popu- 
lation of this country will withhold his meed of praise. She 
has been the great mother of the world to sustain her children 
in the darkest hours of the advance towards freedom and 
enliehtenment. But this should not blind us to the certainty^ 
that the belief, generally prevailing in the United States, that 
it is to England we owe most of our principles of public 
polity, and the establishment of those institutions and laws 
which have elevated us to so high a plane of enlightenment 
and prosperity, has no foundation in the truth. Hear what 
Douglas Campbell says : 

In Colonial New York "were free schools, the system of 
recording deeds and mortgages, lands held in common by the 
towns, all under Dutch rule; here the doctrine was first laid 
down by a legislative assembly that the people are the source 
of political authority ; here were first established permanent 
religious freedom, the right of petition and the freedom of the 
press. On the other hand, here were no executions of witches 
or Quakers, and no kidnaping and enslavement of Indians." 



Our country "was settled by men of diverse nationalities. 
It has always been cosmopolitan. Its institutions differ radi- 
cally from those of England. The modes of thought of its 
people are not English." 

" Instead of the institutions of the United States being 
derived from England, it is a curious fact that, while we have 
in the main, English social customs and traits of character, we 
have scarcely a legal or political institution of importance 
which is of English origin, and but few which have come to 
us by the way of England." 

" Looking at our legal system today it can almost be 
said that everything in it consistent with natural justice 
comes from Rome, and that everything incongruous, absurd 
and unjust, is a survival of English customs and English 
legislation." 

"Whatever America has accomplished, whether for good 
or evil, has been largely the result of cutting loose from old 
English traditions, and developing republican ideas." 

(The Puritan in Holland, England and America.) 

In the foregoing statement one reservation is made. We 
are English in our social customs, and the dinner here, as 
with our British cousins, has become the great factor in the 
brighter part of our life. 

Carlyle says that "the future of the world depends upon 
cooks," and an English poet has embodied the same idea in 
his more graceful lines : 

" We may live without poetry, music and art ; 
We may live without conscience, and live without heart ; 
We may live without friends, we may live without books, 
But civilized man cannot live without cooks. 
He may live without books — what is knowledge but grieving? 
He may live without hope — what is hope but deceiving? 
He may live without love — what is passion but pining? 
But where is the man that can live without dining?" 

Someone once said that were the earth to be blown to 
pieces, there would be found Englishmen to celebrate the 
event by a dinner upon one of the fragments. 



— 19 — 

So we, with our English traits of fellowship, bearing in 
mind what gentle Izaak Walton says that "it is the company 
and not the charge that makes the feast," assemble at this 
table to commemorate the organization of a Society, erected 
upon a foundation of ancestral association, and whose key- 
stone is our reverence for their heroic deeds. And, as the 
storm-tossed Pilgrims, after their landing at Plymouth, were 
greeted by the Mohegan Sachem Samoset with the word 
"welcome," so, as one of the oldest members of the Society 
of Colonial Wars, and as Governor in this jurisdiction, I bid 
you welcome to this reunion ; welcome to this board, and wel- 
come to membership in an organization embracing the flower 
of the intellectual vigor of this land, and recruited from the 
sons of the makers of this Republic. 

I give you this toast: 

Behold my wineglass, 'tis filled to the brim 
With soul-stirring nectar, and I drink it to him 
Who feels, as he kisses its contents away 
It was made to gladden, and not to betray. 
For wine is like woman, and like her was given 
To man on earth as a foretaste of heaven. 
Like her eye it sparkles ; like her cheek it glows 
When pressed to the lips of the lover who knows 
How to keep and cherish these treasures of earth ; 
For him was woman made, for him the wine's birth. 
Then fill up your glasses, fill quite to the brim. 
And drink with me to the health of him. 
Who feels as he kisses its contents away 
It was made to gladden and not to betray. 

And with the words of Macbeth : 

" Come, love and health to all ! 

Then I'll sit down. Give me some wine ; fill full ! 
I drink to the general joy of the whole table." 



John Randolph Haynes, M. D., was then introduced by 
the Governor, and read the following paper on " King Philip's 
War": 

"KING PHILIP'S WAR." 

Your Excellency and Members : 

THE most important event in the early history of the 
Colonies was King Philip's War — a fight for existence 
on the part of the whites and for the annihilation of 
the hated English on the part of the Indians. This war is, 
doubtless, of especial interest to the gentlemen present whose 
ancestors were participants therein. Allow me to recall to 
your recollection some facts in the antecedent history of the 
peoples engaged in this conflict. 

During the latter part of the sixteenth and the beginning 
of the seventeenth centuries, in " the golden days of good 
Queen Bess " and of her treacherous successor, " the gentle 
Jamie," the English people were divided into Romanists, 
members of the Church of England, and Dissenters. 

The assumption of royalty and the Court party that the 
occupant of the throne stood in the same relation to the Eng- 
lish Church as did the Pope to the Church of Rome, caused 
the formation of a low Church party, the Puritans, who were 
ridiculed, persecuted, fined and often imprisoned. 

Such, however, is the inconsistency of human nature 
that the Puritans not only opposed separation from the Eng- 
lish Church as a deadly sin, but helped their oppressors to 
bitterly prosecute, convict and hang the Dissenters or Sepa- 
ratists for their opinions. 

The Separatists, our Pilgrim forefathers, believed in the 
Separation of Church from State, and in the Congregational 
doctrine as taught today. For boldly advocating their views 
their property was confiscated. They were reviled and im- 



— 22 — 

prisoned, and so inhumanly treated while there, that they 
died by hundreds from disease, exposure and starvation. Like 
the Russian of today, in his treatment of the Jews, the Estab- 
lished Church exiled them and hunted them down like wild 
beasts as they were endeavoring to reach a foreign land. 
Finally a number reached Holland, where they spent twelve 
hard, laborious years. 

Hearing that they might be merged with the people of the 
country, they decided to form a new England in a new world. 

Thereupon, in 1620, about one hundred men, women and 
children went to England and embarked in the Mayflower un- 
der Captain Jones. After many tribulations and delays and 
hardships they reached Cape Cod far to the north of the Vir- 
ginia jurisdiction in which they had a warrant. Before land- 
ing, a compact of Government (which was the earliest written 
constitution in history) was drawn up and signed by the forty- 
one Pilgrims. After several explorations they landed at 
Plymouth, December 21st, 1620. Their subsequent suffering 
from exposure, famine and disease is well known. 

The Puritans, in turn, becoming tired of the intolerance 
of the Church, settled first at Salem in 1628, and then at 
Boston in 1630. This was the Massachusetts Bay Colony. 

Some of the members of this Colony desiring greater 
religious and political freedom, settled in Rhode Island. 
Others, from the Massachusetts Colony and Plymouth, wish- 
ing more territory, emigrated to Connecticut. In 1643 ^^^ 
Colonies founded a Confederacy for protection against the 
Indians. 

The Indian nations, with whom the Colonists came in 
contact, occupied about thirty miles of the sea-coast, extend- 
ing from Maine to the Connecticut River. 

The Pequots, the strongest and fiercest of these nations 
(with the exception of the Mohegans, who, under Uncas, had 
withdrawn from them) were exceedingly hostile to the whites, 
and were it not for the enmity that existed between the 



— 23 — 

Peqiiots and the next powerful nation, the Narragansetts, 
their neighbors on the south, the whites and smaller tribes 
would have been annihilated. 

The third important nation was the Pokonoket. Massa- 
soit, of the Wampanoag tribe, was Grand Sachem of this 
nation, and formed an alliance with the Plymouth Colony for 
protection against the two stronger nations. This treaty 
lasted over forty years, and until all parties concerned in it 
were dead, when it was broken by Massasoit's second son, 
Philip. 

That the Indians were hostile to the Colonists is not to 
be wondered at. A Captain Hunt visited the coast about six 
years prior to the coming of the Pilgrims, and seized twenty- 
seven Indians, taking them to England as slaves. 

The pestilence which swept the coast to Narragansett 
Bay, some years before, had greatly reduced the numbers of 
the tribes. The further lessening of the Chiefs' power and 
numbers by proselytism made them jealous and revengeful. 
Massasoit, the Wampanoag, and Uncas, the Mohegan, al- 
though the firm friends of the English, never allowed prose- 
lyting among their people when they could prevent it. In 
1675 Philip's immediate tribe was limited to three hundred 
men, women and children. 

It is alleged by some that Alexander, Massasoit's elder 
son, was foully dealt with by the Pilgrims, but this is dis- 
proved. 

Philip believed, from the sympathy he received from the 
Puritans when visiting Boston, and from the unfriendly tenor 
of their remarks when speaking of the Pilgrims, that the 
Massachusetts Bay Colony would not assist Plymouth. 

The occasion of the outbreak was the execution, after a 
fair trial, of the three Indians who had murdered Sassamon, 
the Indian preacher. 

From the fact that Philip was illy prepared for war — his 
number being small and his arms few — it is probable he merely 



— 24 — 

contemplated harassing the Colonists with possibly a view to 
being paid to resume peaceful relations. 

The Indians had no just grounds for discontent. The 
Colonists paid for all lands occupied ; succored the Indians ; 
and treated their complaints with such justice, that the set- 
tlers complained of the partiality shown them. This policy 
of conciliation, although perfectly right, probably weakened 
Philip's respect for the authorities at Plymouth, and may 
have been one of the causes of the war. 

As early as the summer of 1662 rumors of the hostile 
feeling of the Wampanoags reached the Colonists. Nothing 
definite occurred, however, until the attack on Swansea in 
June, 1675. Here the people had abandoned watch to attend 
a Fast-day service, although a house had been plundered the 
day before. Ten men were killed, and houses rifled and 
burned. 

Aid was received from Boston, and after ten days pur- 
suit was commenced, when Philip was followed into Mount 
Hope Peninsula. Then it was found he had paddled across 
into Pocasset Swamp. The pursuit rested for nearly three 
weeks. Philip in the meantime killing people and burning 
houses at Dartmouth and at other villages. 

Benjamin Church, the settlers' best Indian fighter, al- 
though hampered by the authorities, managed after two skir- 
mishes to drive Philip back into Pocasset Swamp. The Col- 
onists exposing themselves to the enemy, made an attack, but 
lost five men. Using more caution they drove the savages 
back into the Swamp, and then, light failing, retired to the 
neck of the Peninsula. After remaining on guard for ten 
days with the hope of starving the Indians into surrender, 
they found that the fighting men had escaped on rafts up the 
Taunton River, leaving the women and children behind. 

They were pursued, thirty Indians killed, and much 
plunder recovered. The care of this plunder, it is said, 
caused them to drop the pursuit. 



— 25 — 

Philip escaped into Central Massachusetts, where he took 
refuge with the Nipmucks, and from this time on he seemed 
to take no active part in the war. 

The Colonists then warned Canonchet, the Sachem of 
the Narragansett tribes, not to harbor Philip's women and 
children. This he refused to do. He had not forgotten that 
some years before, the Pilgrims had delivered his father, 
Miantonomo, into the hands of his hereditary enemy, Uncas, 
the Mohegan, who promptly murdered him. Up to the time 
of the Pocasset Swamp fight Canonchet had been entirely 
neutral, but now he withdrew to an island in Cedar Swamp, 
about ten miles south of Wickford, R. I., where he commenced 
building extensive and strong fortifications, and prepared for 
the winter. 

The united Colonists, alarmed by rumors that the Indians 
intended to drive them out of the country in the spring, de- 
clared war against the Narragansetts in November, 1675, 

One thousand men from Massachusetts Colony, Connecti- 
cut and Plymouth, under the command of General Josiah 
Winslow of Plymouth, met at Pettisquamscot in Rhode 
Island December 18, 1675, ^^ five o'clock in the afternoon. 

The garrison house having been destroyed by Indians a 
few days before, they encamped in the open field. It was 
bitterly cold. They broke camp before daybreak, and com- 
menced the march towards the Swamp, ten miles away, in the 
face of a driving snow-storm, which had set in the night before. 

About one o'clock, cold and weary, they came to the edge 
of the Swamp, where they charged upon the Indians on the 
outskirts who escaped into the fort. 

Crossing the ice (which alone made the fort pregnable, 
and which the Indians apparently had not taken into account), 
and guided by an Indian they had captured on the march, 
they reached a narrow, unfinished corner of the fort. Here 
they were met by a galling fire (two captains being killed) 
and repulsed several times. 



— 26 — 

After the firing had somewhat diminished a grand rush 
was made for the fort, the entrance taken, and the left flanker 
captured. The Massachusetts men who were in the lead were 
now joined by the Connecticut troops in the face of a terrible 
fire, the right flanker and the block-house were taken. The 
Indians were driven back, in hand to hand fight, into their 
camp of wigwams, which proved good intrenchments for them 
while they fired on the English with deadly effect; and not 
until the wigwams were fired did the carnage cease. The 
Plymouth Company and the Massachusetts troops, who had 
been held in reserve outside in the Swamp, had several skir- 
mishes, but the battle was within the fort. 

After the wigwams, with their enormous quantities of 
provisions had been fired and the Swamp beaten by the 
troopers for Indians, the little army with its wounded started 
on its midnight march back to Wickford. It is claimed that 
some thirty-four wounded men were frozen to death on the 
homeward march, and that this same march w^as one of the 
greatest blunders of the war. 

The English lost about sixty-eight men and one hundred 
and fifty were wounded. Three hundred Indians were killed, 
and three hundred and fifty men and three hundred women 
and children taken prisoners in this the crucial battle of the 
war. 

In the spring the war began again. On March 2 2d, the 
men at Clark's garrison-house went to church at Plymouth 
three miles away, leaving the heavy gates open. On their 
way back they saw their fort burning and found their women 
and children killed. 

Two weeks later. Captain Peirce's fine company of men 
was destroyed, and in May part of Plymouth was burned. 

Philip, turned out by the Nipmucks, returned to Mount 
Hope where he was surprised by Captain Church and killed. 

The death of Philip practically ended the war, though 
skirmishings were frequent for five months more. 



— 27 — 

The war was very disastrous to the Colonists. Thirteen 
towns were destroyed, six hundred houses burned, and six 
hundred people — mostly able-bodied men — killed, ^150,000 
worth of property was destroyed, including eight hundred 
cattle. 

From first to last our forefathers' conduct of the war was 
a series of most stupendous blunders. 

Imagine, in an Indian country, during a bloody war, 
ninety-five fellows escorting some carts of grain, piling their 
guns upon the carts and scattering through the woods in 
search of wild grapes. Of course they were killed to a man. 

On another occasion, twelve men started for the mill at 
Springfield, and because their arms were rather heavy to 
carry, they left them at home. The twelve were killed. 

After the great fight the Colonists should have remained 
in the Indian fort, cared for their wounded, and returned to 
their homes on a more favorable occasion. 

But if ever people were energetic, hardy, long-enduring 
and lion-hearted, they were; and if we did not regard the 
memory of our New England ancestors with respect, admira- 
tion and loving kindness, we were base ingrates. 

For the history in detail of this war I would like to refer 
you to Goodwin's "Pilgrim Republic", and to the addresses 
of the Rev. George M. Bodge of Massachusetts, and of Capt. 
Philip Reed of Illinois, found in the publications of their 
respective Societies, and which are very interesting reading. 



Frank Clarke Prescott then responded to the toast, " Ar- 
gent, Two Bars Gules", and read the following paper: 

ARGENT, TWO BARS GULES. 

AS A PATRIOTIC, hereditary society, organized to pre- 
serve the memories and landmarks of honored ancestors 
and their distinguished services, I take it that family 
heirlooms are not beneath the consideration of the members 
of the California Society of Colonial Wars. At this First 
General Court I desire to go on record as endorsing the pres- 
ervation of the science of heraldry, as being the most graceful 
and distinctive of the conspicuous features in the life and 
customs of our forefathers and one of the most valuable 
pledges we have of the integrity of genealogy. 

The precedents for its use in this republic began with the 
first crusade, continued through the many efforts made to 
vindicate Christendom in the Holy Land and came down to 
our own Colonial times unimpaired in its sentimental signifi- 
cance and practical uses adapted to the changing customs of 
a people evoluting both in methods of dress, government and 
warfare. 

All through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries 
the men of dignity and potence in the American colonies, who 
were laying the broad and deep foundations of liberty and 
nursing and shaping those characters and sentiments which 
culminated in the full realization of independence and national 
pride, were not ashamed to recognize the graceful blazonry 
which decorated their seals and honored their progenitors. 

At the supreme moment when, in obedience to a higher 
feudal lord, the great American turned against his sovereign, 
and, true to liberty, severed the old relations, the integrity of 
family and its evidences were not disturbed, and we find 
Washington abiding by and continuing the use of arge7ti, two 
bars gules^ of his house. 



— 30 — 

The States, dissenting from tyranny, but loyal to the re- 
finements and memories of their peoples, adopted coats of 
arms as emblems of sovereignty, and their community pos- 
sessions or achievements, and the new States to this day pre- 
serve the custom. 

The federal government, christened in the spirit of 
prophecy, with the elastic name "United States of America", 
displayed upon its escutcheon pinions that might wing from 
Hawaii to Cuba, and teach republican heraldry to more feudal 
heralds. 

And, as though the institution belonged of right in hu- 
man life and by divine authority, the prophet tells us the 
Lord spake unto Moses and unto Aaron saying, "Everyman 
of the children of Israel shall pitch by his own standard, with 
the ensign of their father's house." 

Practical use demonstrates the recognition of such signs 
when every court of record, every corporation, and most 
public officers whose acts form any historical links in busi- 
ness, land titles or heirship, are required to use seals carefully 
emblazoned. Searchers of pedigree and those charged with 
the solving of questions of property rights by succession, 
concede the value of family coats of arms and artists, dignify- 
ing and refining daily lives with tasteful environment, find the 
crest not too ostentatious for proper effects. 

But were the lion garde7it or the stag passant of no 
greater significance than in the humble function of decorating 
family plate, there would be no occasion for the criticism of 
the socialist or the argument of the conservative. The merit 
in the inherited shield and crest is their indication of pride of 
ancestry and pledge of fealty to inherited rights. Heraldry, 
as an emblazoned escutcheon, is a work of art; as an inherited 
family and national heirloom, it is a sacred sentiment. The 
eagle displayed is a convenient mark on a twenty-dollar gold- 
piece in the channels of commerce. The same eagle displayed 
may be a pledge of protection to Venezuelan integrity and 



— 31 — 

Cuban freedom. The charges handed down to us by ancestors 
who chose them and signalized them in chivalrous valor are 
pledges of our own fealty to right and justice, to individualize 
us and put us under such obligations to right government 
and honorable private life that pride alone will keep us faith- 
ful. It is the prescriptive, the permanent, the abiding side of 
our natures that heraldry in this age appeals to. 

Between the socialist and the monarchist, between him 
who asks a community of goods and lands, and him who sees 
the golden age in the time of feudal lords and helpless vassals, 
where is the happy mean ? Surely, in a combination of the 
grace and dignity of the old life and the enlarged freedom and 
activity of the new. 

In the attitude of that statesman who made liberty the 
synonym of America, and in whom, as he was the highest 
type of patriot, we should find the pattern for citizenship, and 
whose character and life should furnish inspiration for modern 
statecraft, and by whose opinions lines of principle should be 
drawn, along which the national spirit should develop. The 
style of man that Washington was, is the style of citizen who 
will best perpetuate his country's greatness. Not only in 
Washington the captain, but in Washington the gentleman. 
Not only in the Washington whose rebellious sword resisted 
the senseless and criminal obstinacy of his king, but in the 
Washington who preserved in the simplicities of a republican 
court the refinements, the graceful honors, the chivalrous 
valor of the old regime. Not only in the Washington who 
vehemently and abruptly deprecated the suggestion of a 
crown, but in the Washington whose signet remained to his 
death ^^ argeiit^ two bars gtiles^'\ the type of gentleman, of 
noble, if you please, whose delicacy of patriotism has left the 
country he founded in doubt as to whether the stars and 
stripes of its escutcheon were suggested by the bars and 
mullets of the shield of his family. In this there is the 



— 32 — 

happy medium which would suggest that the graces of the 
old political life be preserved in the simplicities of the new. 
Not to temper but to adorn liberty, not to curb but by pre- 
scriptive hold on its older forms, to anchor it. 

Is it not time, now that the nation has workmen to 
spare from pioneering, to cease ridiculing those who would 
polish the corners of the temple ? That boorishness cease to 
be a boast. Washington, in every instinct, sympathized with 
those men of affairs of the old school whose memories we 
honor today. He made their spirit of dignified regard for 
precedent and property rights his inspiration. He endorsed 
that spirit. We inherit it, and no demagoguery shall intimi- 
date us, if we are true patriots and true gentlemen of this 
Society, into dangerous concessions to popular clamors of the 
hour. 

Someone has said that politics makes cowards of us all. 
It is the serious business of this Society, or I misjudge it, to 
deny the paraphrase and prove that there are those of tried 
blood who understand the primal personal rights that must 
be preserved through all the changes of community relations 
and whose honor is pledged by the ensigns of their father's 
house. 

Heredity is a fact, heraldry, its talismans, need not be 
ignored. 

The part heraldry should play in America is the part 
Washington gave it — preserved and emphasized to preserve 
and emphasize the duties chivalrous freedom imposes. 

I would not compromise this company by anything 
heterodox but, conceding the constitutional right of every 
person to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness and to 
equal protection therein according to law, I believe that na- 
ture's orders of nobility cannot be abolished, and until the 
millennium — until the last boor has been made gentle — there 



— 33 — 

must be distinctions of birth, breeding and parts which the 
vizored helmet will not broaden. I thank heaven that I shall 
not live to see the day when the social landscape will be a 
dead level; when the lights and shadows of genius and affec- 
tion will all be toned down to one dead gray and personal 
effort, and individual enterprise will be deadened into a tread- 
mill of absolute, uninteresting and unchangeable equality. 
No coats of arms, no glittering banners, no flashing steel, no 
lofty mountains, no green valleys, no roaring cataracts or rip- 
pling streams, no sunshine, no clouds, no deeds of valor nor 
sacrifices of affection, no ancestors, no posterity. The millen- 
nium of socialism. 

Rather give me the pleasing gradations of this evening 
where I stand amid excellencies that do not rival. Where the 
ermine, charged with the scales, gives an honored precedence 
to our Deputy Governor, the Honorable Erskine Mayo Ross. 
Where comely vigor and manly grace make our Secretary, 
Harry Woodville Latham, our Appollo Belvidere ; and by 
deeds of valor at the festal board, undismayed among glitter- 
ing ranks of gory wine glasses, our Chancellor, George Jules 
Denis, also comely, also vigorous, sits an Appolinaris Belvi- 
dere; where His Excellency, Holdridge Ozro Collins, our 
Governor, accepts and wears gracefully the honors thrust 
upon him, rather than be thrust out of a fifth-story window. 
Where I myself, distinguished by a marked individuality 
most embarrassingly conspicuous as being the only member 
of the Society who does not have an oflice, may look forward 
to the time when my lord, Justice McKinstry, shall come up 
with me into honorable publicity as a high private and we 
may sit in banc. 

I am not disconcerted, therefore, that in the Society of 
the Colonial Wars the tapestry is drawn aside and the light 
falls from out history through stained glass windows charged 
with the leopard's face and the boar's head, with the chevron 



— 34 — 

and the ermine ; that it gleams on a helmet and throws into 
relief a crest. The stars and stripes have lost no prestige in 
the possibility that the charges of Washington's arms sug- 
gested their characteristics. But to the contrary, there seems 
an added sanctity to that standard which has upon it, in bars 
and mullets, the pledges of the good faith of the blood of 
Washington. 




Major William Anthony Elderkin, U. S. A., then read 
the following paper, upon 

"THE MILITARY POWER OF THE UNITED 

STATES." 

TO be called upon to respond for "The Army" is an 
honor and responsibility that I always appreciate, but 
to-night I feel that the honor and responsibility are in- 
tensified, addressing, as I am, descendants of those heroes 
who, in the Colonial War of 1758, stood their ground, firing 
from behind trees and stumps, while the regulars of the 
British army ran past them; and who, without doubt, were the 
nucleus for the formation of our army, which began its glorious 
history on the 19th of April, 1775, and which today but 
awaits the opportunity to add further victories to its already 

brilliant record. 

Our army, when compared with those of the principal 
foreign nations, is not large in numerical strength. But we 
must remember that no great nation has so simple a mihtary 
problem as America. A republican form of government is not 
compatible with a large and powerful standing army. France, 
surrounded on every side by enemies, is compelled to main- 
tain one for self-existence. Monarchy, on the other hand, and 
a large and standing army, are correlative matters. Whereas 
we have no jealous and threatening neighbors, no inherited 
race quarrels which are such potent factors in hastening war. 
We are, by reason of our great numbers and vast territory, 
absolutely free from all danger of a war of conquest. Our 
only need, therefore, is that we should be in a condition to 
discuss international questions with foreign powers without 
having our greatest cities, and their vast wealth and com- 
mercial interests, absolutely at the mercy of those powers. 



-36- 

Gentlemen, when you look back on what our army has done 
in the past, I do not think you need fear for the future. If, 
during the Revolution, but 309,781 men were engaged; during 
the war of 1812, 556,622; during the Mexican War, 112,230, 
and during the War of the Rebellion, 2,778,304, what is there 
we could not overcome when you consider the following 
figures ? 

The aggregate number of the Regular Army is 28,216 

The aggregate number of the Militia is 116,899 

Making a total effective force of 145,115 

To this add the number of meu available for military duty (but un- 
organized), viz : 9,582,806 

Shows a total strength of 9,727,921 

men, or more than three times as many as were engaged 
during the four years of the Civil War. 

Our little standing guard of 28,216 men is the nucleus 
of a larger and majestic force, which, when the opportunity 
and necessity arrive, has its own and peculiar duties to per- 
form. The Adjutant-General's department, Quartermaster- 
General's, Commissary-General's, Surgeon-General's, In- 
spector-General's, the Corps of Engineers, the Ordinance de- 
partment, the Signal Corps, and other staff departments, are 
all well trained in their duties. The Light and Heavy Artil- 
lery, the Cavalry, and the Infantry, are all drilled with the 
utmost care from "Reveille" to "Taps" from daylight to 
dark. The Military Academy teaches the young military 
idea how to shoot like of&cers, and the Military Recruiting 
Depots to make it shoot like soldiers. 

Now, what is it for? What is the expense of $23,279,- 
402.73, or $800 to $900 per man, for? A regular standing 
army? No! A nucleus for a larger and majestic force? 
Yes! that's it. Here 14,000 Infantry, 4,300 Artillery, and 
6,604 Cavalry — say 25,000 well drilled men. In two months 
we can have an army of 2,000,000. Yes ! And in four months 
more than 4,000,000 ; this being less than half the total num- 
ber of men available for military duty, but unorganized. 



— 37 — 

This regular army of ours is the yeast, the leaven which, 
placed with care, will leaven the whole mass. Each private 
will make a non-commissioned officer, each, non-commissioned 
officer will make a lieutenant or captain, each captain will 
make a field-officer, and as for privates we will take them from 
the sturdy and strong men who know little of war, but are 
there, "rough and ready" to march and fight, and, if neces- 
sary, to fall in defense of the nation's colors — "The Red, 
White and Blue" — the "Old Glory "— the " Star Spangled 
Banner" — just as our ancestors did 120 years ago. 

A recent estimate of the present position of European 
powers in the matter of armaments is as follows : At the 
head of all stands Russia, with an army of 858,000 men in 
peace times, or a percentage of 9 soldiers to every 1,000 in- 
habitants. Germany conies next with an effective strength of 
580,000 men, which works out at 13 per 1,000. France fol- 
lows Germany with an army of 512,000 men, or 14 per 1,000. 
Italy comes next with an effective of 300,000, or 10 per 
1,000 inhabitants. While the British army is said to have a 
total effective of 230,000, and a percentage of 6 per 1000. 
The Spanish army has 100,000 effectives, or a percentage of 
6 soldiers per 1,000 inhabitants. These figures are interest- 
ing for comparison. 

I will ask you to excuse me, gentlemen, for now taking 
you back to the year 218 B. C. — it is a long time ago — but I 
want to draw your attention to what was done by an army 
smaller than our own. I refer to the Carthagenian army, when, 
with Hannibal in command, it at last stood safely in the valley 
of the Po ready to start on its great errand of avenging the 
disgrace and misfortune inflicted on its country in the great 
Punic War. How Hannibal, with only 26,000 men, braved 
the Roman armies even when they outnumbered his, more 
than four to one^ and with his often half-starved and ill-sup- 
plied forces breathed defiance against Rome for half a gen- 
eration. 



-38- 

My object in referring to this page of ancient history is 
that I may allay the anxiet}^ of an}^ of you, dear friends, who 
within the past few minutes have been performing mental cal- 
culations with the figures I have just given you, and discovered 
that some of the nations I mentioned outnumbered our forces 
to the extent that the Romans outnumbered Hannibal's. The 
moral I want to draw is this : If the antiquated Captain was 
able, in the year 218 B. C, to hold his own against such odds, 
you certainly need have no fear but that Major-General N. A. 
Miles, with his command of 28,216 men, can ''''go him one 
better^'' in the year 1896, A. D. 



George Jules Denis was then introduced by the Governor 
and delivered a bright and witty extemporaneous speech, in 
which he generally and in a happy style, discussed the various 
papers which had been read. The exercises were then 
brought to a close by the singing of " Auld Lang Syne". 




HARRY WOODVILLE LATHAM, the first Secretary 
and a charter member of this Society, was born in 
Lynchburg, Virginia, on September 30, 1862, and 
died at his home in Pasadena, Los Angeles County, California, 
on May 14, 1896. He was the son of Mr. George W. Latham 
who, during the Civil War, served upon the staff of General 
Robert E. Lee. His maternal grandfather was Mr. Philo 
Calhoun, for many years president of the First National Bank 
of New York, a man widely known and respected. 

Mr. Latham's boyhood was spent at Bridgeport, Connec- 
ticut, where his family then resided. He entered Yale Col- 
lege in 1879, graduating with honors in the class of 1883. 
While at Yale he was a member of the principal college 
societies, and took a prominent part in athletics. After his 
graduation at Yale, he took the regular course of study at 
the Columbia College Law School, New York, and graduated 
therefrom. Upon his graduation, he was admitted to the bar 
and entered the law of&ce of Seward, Griswold, Guthrie 8c Da 
Costa, New York, where he spent some time in the practice 
of his profession. 

Owing to ill health in 1887, ^^ came to California, and in 
1889 he established himself in the practice of the law at Los 
Angeles. In 1891 he formed a partnership with M. L. Graff, 
Esq., and the firm thereupon became attorneys for the Board 
of Trade. 

Mr. Latham was a faithful and consistent member of St. 
Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church, Los Angeles, of which 



— 40 — 

organization he had been for several years a valued vestry- 
man and trustee. He was also secretary and a member of 
the Board of Trustees of the Hospital of the Good Samaritan. 
He was also a member of the Societ}^ of the Sons of the Rev- 
olution in California, and also a member of the Sunset Club, 
and of the California Club, and took a prominent part in 
social life. He was a deservedly popular 3'oung man, a faith- 
ful and wise counselor, a hard student, and one who was 
rapidly attaining distinction in his chosen profession. 

The bar of Los Angeles, at a special meeting, adopted 
resolutions of respect, which were spread upon the minutes 
of the Superior Court, and also of the United States Circuit 
Court and the United States District Court, at Los Angeles. 
A committee of the bar was appointed to attend his funeral, 
with a like committee from the Society of the Sons of the 
Revolution, and a like committee from this Society. 

The Board of Trade of Los Angeles also adopted resolu- 
tions expressing their high regard for the character of Mr. 
Latham, and their deep sense of loss at his earl}^ demise. 

The funeral occurred on May 22, 1896, from his home in 
Pasadena, and the remains were subsequently sent to Bridge- 
port, Conn., for interment. 

Mr. Latham was the first secretary of this Society, and 
took an active part and deep interest in its organization and 
in the objects for which the Society was organized. 

He exemplified in a marked degree those sterling qualities 
and devotion to duty which characterized the sturdy Puritans 
of New England from some of whose distinguished citizens 
he was a lineal and worthy descendant. He was withal a 
man of integrity and that sweetness of temper, and gentle- 
manly bearing which attracted and endeared him to his 
friends. 



MEMBERSHIP. 

7. Brewer, Rev. William Augustus. 

Seventh in descent from Lieut. Thomas Tracy, 1610-1685. 
Ensign First Train Band, Norwich, Conn., 1666; and in 
1672, Lieutenant in the New London County Dragoons, 
enlisted to fight the Dutch and Indians. Member of the 
General Court of Connecticut twenty-seven sessions. 
Commissary in King Philip's War. 

Seventh in descent from Lieut. Thomas Leffingwell, 1622- 
1657. Rendered important aid to "Uncas", when the lat- 
ter was besieged by hostile Indians. Lieutenant of the 
Norwich, Conn., Train Band, 1672 ; served in King 
Philip's War ; also served in Capt. Denison's famous 
band of Indian fighters. Deputy to the General Court, 
1661-1710, Colony of Connecticut. 

I. Collins, Holdridge Ozro. 

Ninth in descent from Stephen Hart, 1 605-1 683. Served in 
Capt. John Mason's Command through the Pequot War 
of 1637. Deputy from Farmington to the General 
Court, 1647, 1655, 1660, Colony of Conn. 

Ninth in descent from John Plumb, 1 594-1648. Served in 
Capt. Mason's Command in the Pequot War, 1637. Dep- 
uty from Wethersfield to the General Court from 1636 
to 1642, Colony of Conn. 

Ninth in descent from Hugh Calkin, 1 600-1 690. Deputy 
from Gloucester to the General Court, 1 650-1 651, Colony 
of Massachusetts Bay. Deputy to the General Court 
from New London and Norwich twent3^-two sessions, 
from 1652 to 1690, Colony of Conn. 



— 42 — 

Biglith in descent from William Hough, — 1683. He was 
sergeant in the first Military Company of New London. 
Appointed by the General Court of Connecticut, October, 
1675, engineer to erect fortifications in New London 
during King Philip's War. 

Eighth in descent from John Bronson, — 1680. Soldier in 
command of Capt. John Mason during the Pequot War, 
and participated in the great battle of May 26, 1637. Dep- 
uty to the General Court from Farmington, 1651, and 
subsequently. Colony of Conn. 

Eighth in descent from Mathese Blanchan. Served in com- 
mand of Capt. Martin Kregier in the rescuing expedition 
against the Indians after the massacre at Esopus, New 
York, June 7, 1663. 

Seventh in descent from Cornelis Barentsen Slecht, — 167 1. 
One of the nine signers of the agreement dated May 31, 
1658, with Governor Peter Stuyvesant for the settlement 
of Wiltwyck, and Sergeant of the first Military company 
of that place. Appointed on May 16, 1661, one of the 
first three " Schepens " of Esopus, the other two being 
Evert Pels and Albert He3mians Roosa, and who, with 
the " Schout " Roeloff Swartwout, composed the first 
Court of Justice in Ulster County, New York. He 
fought at the Indian Massacre at Wiltwyck on June 7, 
1663, when his children were taken captive, and he served 
under Captain Martin Kregier in the rescuing expedition 
which effected their recovery. " He, from the beginning, 
took a prominent and active part in the affairs of the 
Church and settlement," 

Seventh in descent from Louis Du Bois, 1627-1696. Served in 
command of Capt. Martin Kregier in the rescuing expe- 
dition against the Indians after the massacre at Esopus, 
New York, June 7, 1663. 

Seventh in descent from David Provoost, 1 608-1 656. Com- 
mander of Fort Good Hope, 1642-1647 ; one of the 



— 43 — 

"Nine Men" in 1652 ; Sergeant of the " Blue Flag Com- 
pany " of the Burgher Corps of New Amsterdam, 1652, 
Colony of New Netherland. 

Seventh in descent from Anthony Thompson, — 1647. Signer 
of the "Compact" with Gov. Eaton and the Rev. John 
Davenport at New Haven, June 4th, 1639. Soldier in 
the Indian troubles, 1642, 1643, 1644, Colony of New 
Haven. 

Seventh in descent from Arthur Perry, — 1652. Member of the 
Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of Boston. 

Seventh in descent from John Lewis, Jr., 1655-17 17. Ser- 
geant of the New London, Conn., Train Band; killed 171 7. 

Seventh in descent from Samuel Hickox, Sr., — 1695. Sergeant 
of the Waterbury, Conn., Train Band, 1686-1695. Died 
at his post in the discharge of his military duties. 

Seventh in descent from Isaac Bronson, 1645-17 19. Sergeant 
of the Waterbur}^ Train Band, 1695. Deputy from 
Waterbury to the General Court, 1697-1701, Colony of 
Conn. 

Seventh in descent from Stephen Upson, Sr., 1653-1735. 
Deputy to the General Court from Waterbury, 17 10, 
1712, 1729, Colony of Conn. Sergeant of the Water- 
bury, Conn., Train Band, 17 15. 

Sixth in descent from Stephen Upson, Jr., 16S6-1777. 
Deputy to the General Court from Waterbury, 1743, 
1763, 1765, 1766, and Captain of IMilitia, Colony of 
Conn. 

Sixth in descent from Abraham DuBois, 1 657-1 731. Served 
in the Second Military Expedition against the French in 
Canada, 1717. 

Sixth in descent from Roeloff Swartwout, 1634-1715. 
"Schout" of Esopus during Indian War of 1663, and 
member of the Couucil of Gov. Jacob Leisler, 1689, 
Colony of New Netherland and New York. 



— 44 — 

Sixth in descent from Capt. Arie Roosa, 1650 — . Captain of 
a foot company in the Ulster and Dutchess Counties Regi- 
ment, commanded by Lieut.-Col. Jacob Rutsen, 1700. 

Fifth in descent from Lieut. Jonathan Beebe, 1709-1760. 
First Lieutenant, Seventh Company, Second Connecticut 
Regiment, 1759. Served with distinction in the French 
and Indian War, at Crown Point, Lake George and 
Ticonderoga. 

24. CoLTON, Allen' Lysaxdek. 

Eighth in descent from George Colton. Quartermaster o^ 
the Massachusetts Militia, 1669, 1671 and 1677. Deputy 
to the General Court, Colony of Massachusetts Bay. 

2. Denis, George Jules. 

Sixth in descent from William Hall, — 17 14. Representative to 
the Assembly of West Jersey, 1697 ^^^ 1701. Appointed 
Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, 1699. Royal 
Councillor of the Province of New Jersey, 170S-1713. 

3. Elderkin, William Anthony, Lieut.-Col. U. S. A. 
Fourth in descent from Col. Jedediah Elderkin, 1 717-1795. 

Deputy from Windham to the General Court, 1751-1785, 
Colony of Conn. Col. Fifth Regiment Connecticut 
Militia, March, 1775. 

4. Fenner, Charles Putnam. 

Eighth in descent from Thomas Buckingham, — 1657. Deputy 

to the General Court, 1657, New Haven Colony. 
Fourth in descent from Rufus Putnam, 175S-1S24. Private, 

1757, in Col. Fry^s Massachusetts Regiment. Private, 

1758, in Col. Ruggles' Massachusetts Regiment. Serge- 
ant, 1759, in Col. Ruggles* Massachusetts Regiment. 
Ensign, 1760, in Col. Willard's Massachusetts Regiment, 
French and Indian War. Ser\"ed at Saratoga, Fort Ed- 
ward, Ticonderoga, and Lake Champlain. Brigadier- 
General, Continer^tal Armv. 



— 45 — 

22. FijNT, Frank Putnam. 

J^ixth ill (IcsccMil from Tlu)iii;is Mint, 1645-1721. Soldier in 

Kino- Philip's War. In Cajit. Ganlncr's Company in 

service aj^iiinst Narraoansclts in 1675. 

21. 1m. INT, MoTuivV Ili{\vi<:s. 

Sixth in ilosccnt from Thomas I'liiil, i()4S-i72i. Soldier in 

King Philip's War. In Captain ("Gardner's Company- in 

service aj^ainst Narrai^anscUs in 1675. 

S. IlAKni':N, IvnwARi) Thomas. 

iMllh in descent from Col. John Palmer, — 1740. Colonel in 
command of expedition from ^^ontli Carolina against 
Yeniasse Indians, in I'lorida, 1727. Aide-de-camp to 
Gov. Oglethorpe, in campaign against St. Angnstine, 
and killed at Fort Moosa, June 14, 1740. 

Fourth in descent from Benjamin Baker, 17 17-1785. Soldier 
from Georgia in the army of Gov. Oglethorpe, in cam- 
paign against St. iVngustinc, h^la., 1740. 

iQ. Havni-;s, John Randolimi. 

v'^ixth in descent from h'phraim hVdlows, 1639 — . Trooper in 
company of Capt. Nicholas Page from Massachusetts, 
and participated in the "Great Swamp Plight", December 
10, 1675. 

t6. IIoi.ni':N, P^DWARi) SiNcii.irroN. 

Seventh in descent from Maj.-Gen. Mumphrcy Atherton -1661. 
Deputy from Dorchester to the General Court of Massa- 
chnsclls, 1638, and nine times afterwards. Speaker, 
1053. Assistant, 1054-1661. Ivieuteiiant, 1645. Cap- 
tain, 1646. Commander of the Ancient and Honorable 
Artillery Company, 1650. Commanded expedition 
against Pcsoacus, a Narragansctt Chief, 1650. IMajor- 
General, i(Hh. 



-46- 

Seven tti in descent from William Blake, 1 594-1663, of Dor- 
chester, Mass. A member of the Ancient and Honorable 
Artillery Company of Boston. 

Sixth in descent from Justinian Holden, 161 3-1 691. A sol- 
dier from Massachusetts in King Philip's War, 1676. 

9. Latham, Harry Woodville, Deceased May 14, 1896 

Eighth in descent from Capt. Thomas Fitch, 1 630-1 690. 
Ensign, 1665. Commissioner, 1669. Captain, 1673, and 
in King Philip's War. Deputy-Governor, 1673, Colony 
of Conn. 

Eighth in descent from Matthew Mitchell, 1590-1645. Dep- 
uty to the General Court, May, 1637, which voted " that 
there should be an offensive warr against the Pequoitt ". 
Trumbull says that " The measures taken by the Court 
were so spirited that the names of its members deserve 
perpetuation ". Assistant, 1638. Served in the garrison 
at Saybrook Fort, under Lion Gardner, in the Pequot 
War. Served in an encounter with the Indians on the 
Connecticut River, when his brother-in-law, Samuel But- 
terfield, was killed, October, 1636. Mather says, " Hts 
buildings were twice burned by Indians, his cattle de- 
stroyed, and his estate to the value of some hundreds of 
pounds damnified, so that his family suffered more from 
the Pequot scourge than any in the land ". 

Eighth in descent from Thomas Sherwood, 1 586-1655. Dep- 
uty to the General Court of Connecticut, 1645. 

Seventh in descent from Joseph Hawley, 1 603-1 690. Deputy 
to the General Court of Connecticut eleven terms, be- 
tween 1665 and 1687. 

Seventh in descent from Samuel Sherman, 1618-1684. Deputy 
to the General Court, May, 1637, which declared that 
" There should be an offensive warr against the Pe- 
quoitt ". Trumbull says that " The measures taken by 
this Court were so spirited that the names of its mem- 
bers deserve perpetuation ". Assistant, 1663-1668. Ap- 



— 47 — 

pointed by the Geueral Court, July 6, 1665, one of a 
committee to defend the coast from Stratford to Rye, 
against the Dutch, under Admiral De Renter, Colony of 
Conn. 
Sixth in descent from Capt. David Sherman, 1665-1753. 
Ensign of Stratfield, Conn., Train Band, 1703. Lieuten- 
ant, 1708. Captain, 1709. Deputy to the General Court, 
Conn., from Fairfield, 1709. 

10. Lee, Bradner Wells. 

Ninth in descent from Ensign Hugh Welles, 1590-1645. 
Born in Essex County, England ; died in Wethersfield, 
Conn. Ensign of the Wethersfield, Conn., Train Band, 

Seventh in descent from Ensign Noah Welles, 1 666-1712. 
Ensign of New London, Conn., Train Band, 1703. 

14. Merwin, Rev. Alexander Moss. 

Seventh in descent from Gov. Robert Treat, 162 2-1 7 10. 
Commander at the " Great Swamp Fight". Major com- 
manding Connecticut troops at the battles of Hadley 
and Springfield. Deputy-Governor, 1676-1686. Ap- 
pointed Governor, 1686, resigned, 1701. In the encoun- 
ter with the Indians at Bloody Brook, September 18, 
1675, his arrival with the Connecticut troops gained the 
victory. 

20. McKiNSTRY, Elisha Williams. 

Seventh in descent from Governor William Bradford, 1589- 
1657. Governor of Plymouth Colony. 

5. Nichols, Henry Atherton. 

Tenth in descent from Gov. Thomas Dudley, 1576-1653. 
Second Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1634- 
1640, 1645, 1650. Deputy-Governor, 1630, 1634, 1637- 
1640, 1646-1650, 1651-1652. Assistant, 1635-1636, 
1641-1644. In of&ce continuously^ twenty-two years. 
Commissioner for the United Colonies, 1643, 1647, ^^495 



-48- 

and twice President of the United Colonies. Major- 
General, 1646. Signed the charter of Harvard College, 
1650. 

Ninth in descent from Daniel Denison, 161 2-1682. Captain 
Massachusetts troops in the Pequot War, 1637. Major- 
General, 1652-1680. Deputy to the General Court, 
Massachusetts, 1635-1652. Colonial Secretary, 1653. 
Commissioner for United Colonies, 1654-1662. 

Eighth in descent from John Gilman, 1624-1708. Lieutenant 
of Hxeter, New Hampshire, Militia, 1708 ; member of the 
First Council of the Province of New Hampshire, 1680; 
member of Assembly, 1693-1697. Speaker of the House 
in 1695. Captain of Exeter, New Hampshire, Militia. 

6. Nichols, Willard Atherton. 

Ninth in descent from Gov. Thomas Dudley, 15 76-1 65 3. 
Second Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1634- 
1640, 1645, 1650. Deputy Governor, 1630, 1634, 1637- 
1640, 1646-1650, 1651-1652. Assistant, 1635-1636, 1641- 
1644. In of&ce continuously twenty-two j^ears. Com- 
missioner for the United Colonies, 1643, 1647, ^^49} ^^^ 
twice President of the United Colonies. Major- General, 
1646. Signed the charter of Harvard College, 1650. 

Eighth in descent from Daniel Denison, 1612-1682. Captain 
Massachusetts troops in the Pequot War, 1637; Major- 
General, 1652-1680; Deputy to the General Court, Mass., 
1635-1652. Colonial Secretary, 1653. Commissioner 
for the United Colonies, 1654-1662. 

Seventh in descent from John Gilman, 1 624-1 708. Lieutenan- 
ant of Exeter, New Hampshire, Militia, 1708; member 
of the First Council of the Province of New Hampshire, 
1680; member of Assembly, 1693-1697. Speaker of the 
House in 1695. Captain of Exeter, New Hampshire, 
Militia. 



— 49 — 

II. Osgood, Josiah Alonzo. (Resigned March 7, 1896.) 
Sixth in descent from Capt. John Osgood, Jr., 1630-1693. 
Sergeant, 1658-1661; Lieutenant, 1666-1668; Captain, 
1683, Massachusetts Militia; Deputy from Andover,Mass., 
to the General Court, 1668, 1669, 1689, 1690. 

23. Payson, Albert Henry. 

Seventh in descent from Philip Eliot, 1602-1657. Member 
of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company of 
Boston, Mass., 1638. Deputy to the General Court 
Colony of Massachusetts Bay. 

15. Prescott, Frank Clarke. 

Ninth in descent from Gov. Thomas Dudley, 1 576-1 653. 
Second Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony, 1634, 
1640, 1645, 1650. Deputy-Governor, 1630, 1634, 1637- 
1640,1646-1650,1651-1652. Assistant, 1635-1636, 1641- 
1644. In office continuously twenty-two years. Com- 
missioner for the United Colonies, 1643, 1647, ^^49, and 
twice President of the United Colonies. Major-General, 
1646. Signed the charter of Harvard College, 1650. 

17. Ross, Brskine Mayo. 

Fourth in descent from John Mayo, 1 737-1 792. Member of 
Virginia House of Burgesses from Chesterfield County 
in 1769, 1770, 1771, 1775, and from Henrico County in 
1772. Member of the Conventions of 1775 and 1776. 

18. Thom, Cameron Erskine. 

Third in descent from John Mayo, 173 7-1 792. Member of 
Virginia House of Burgesses from Chesterfield County 
in 1769, 1770, 1771, 1775, and from Henrico County in 
1772. Member of the Conventions of 1775 and 1776. 



— so — 

12. Thorpe, Andrew Roane. 

Fiftli in descent from Patrick Henry, 1 736-1 799. Member of 
Virginia House of Burgesses, 1 765-1 783; member 
of First Continental Congress, September 4, 1774; first 
Governor of the State of Virginia. 

13. Thorpe, Spencer Roane. 

Fourtb in descent from Patrick Henry, 1 736-1 799. Member 
of the Virginia House of Burgesses, 1 765-1 783; member 
of First Continental Congress, September 4, 1774; first 
Governor of the State of Virginia. 



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